Asia Pacific

Evidence-Based Communication Strategies for Protecting Communities from Extreme Heat

This series of guidance notes presents evidence-based communication strategies for protecting vulnerable communities from extreme heat, drawing on heat risk perception surveys conducted across five cities: Choluteca and San Lorenzo (Honduras), Surabaya and Medan (Indonesia), and Tanga and Unguja (Tanzania). Across all contexts, surveys consistently identify older adults, outdoor workers, pregnant women, people with pre-existing […]

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Edible Rooftop Gardens: A Community and Nature-based Climate Resilience Building Strategy

Authors and Collaborators: Chandan Sarangi Parama Roy Gourav Suthar Akshaya Ayyangar Ramachandran A. Summary: Extreme heat is an escalating climate risk in Indian cities, disproportionately affecting socio-economically vulnerable populations, especially children who spend long hours in public schools and Anganwadi’s. Nature-based solutions such as edible rooftop gardens offer a promising, low-cost strategy for localised cooling

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Exploring community-based stewardship of nature-based solutions (NbS) in upgraded informal settlements: the case of Bangkok, Thailand

Authors and Collaborators: Hanna Akila B. Abdul Rauf, Heriot Watt University Alexander van der Jagt, Heriot Watt University Supreeya Wungpatcharapon, Kasetsart University Sani Limthongsakul, Kasetsart University Harry Smith, Heriot Watt University Summary: Community gardens and canal revegetation are common urban nature-based solutions (NbS) initiated in informal settlements for climate resilience. Engaging with and tending to

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Nature-Based Solutions for Urban Climate Risks: Assessing Local Engagement, Implementation and Scalability in Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal

Authors and Collaborators: Ravi Mohan Tiwari, Kathmandu Institute of Applied Sciences Susma Giri, Kathmandu Institute of Applied Sciences Jagannath Adhikari, Birendra Multiple Campus Summary: As climate change accelerates, urban areas are increasingly exposed to risks such as flooding, heat stress, and environmental degradation, which disproportionately affect marginalized communities. Nature-based Solutions (NbS), including urban forests, wetlands,

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A Shield Against the Sun: The Story of CDF and Jacobabad’s Heatwave Revolution

Jacobabad, Sindh, is a city defined by its extremes. Known historically as one of the hottest inhabited places on Earth, summer temperatures here frequently soar beyond 50°C (122°F). For decades, this heat was treated as an unavoidable fact of life a “normal phenomenon.” However, beneath this stoic acceptance lay a tragic reality: every year, the

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Redefining Urban Riparian Zones in Bandung: Integrating Ecosystem Services Approach and Suitable Vegetation Identification to Flook Risk Reduction

Authors and Collaborators: Dyah Ayu Retnowati, Institut Teknologi Bandung Summary: Flooding is one of the most persistent urban challenges in Indonesia, which is increasingly intensified by climate change, rapid urbanization, and declining environmental capacity. Bandung City, a central metropolitan and economic hub in Indonesia, experiences recurrent flooding that intersects with slum proliferation and riparian degradation.

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Risk Governance or Risky Governance? Delhi’s Urban Utility Governance Landscape and Heatwaves

Authors and Collaborators: Anshu Ogra, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi Nistha Kanodia, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi Summary: Delhi’s record-breaking heat in May 2024—followed within weeks by extreme early-monsoon rainfall—exposed not only a meteorological hazard but a governance challenge: residents’ capacity to stay safe depends on who controls water, where, and through what procedures. This

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Integrating Indigenous Knowledge with Formal Governance for Enhanced Disaster Resilience in Urban Coastal Areas: Case of Karachi Pakistan 

Authors and Collaborators: Sarah Ather Khan, NED University Saeed Ud Din Ahmed, NED University Abid Mehmood, Cardiff University Summary: Coastal communities in Karachi face escalating risks from erosion, pollution, declining fish stocks, and increasingly severe weather events, exacerbated by climate change. The traditional top-down master planning and disaster management approaches tend to marginalize the significant reservoir of

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Leveraging Governance Innovation for Urban Climate Resilience: Strengthening Municipal Fiscal Autonomy in Bangladesh

Authors and Collaborators: Uswatun Mahera Khushi, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University Summary: This research investigates the critical nexus of fiscal autonomy, governance innovation, and urban climate resilience in Bangladeshi municipalities. A mixed-methods case study approach, combining an econometric analysis of seven municipal budgets with rich qualitative insights from Key Informant Interviews, reveals a systemic crisis:

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Exploring Climate Resilience in a Low-Middle Income Country: The Impact of Socio-Economic Incentives on Informal Workers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Authors and Collaborators: Maria Ishaq Khattak, Khyber Medical University Saad Ishaq Khattak, University of Liverpool Zia ul Haq, Khyber Medical University Summary: Climate change disproportionately impacts informal sector workers, who face precarious incomes, limited assets, and exclusion from formal social protection systems. This study examines how socio-economic incentives, particularly one-time cash grants and the Benazir Income Support

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