Cities and local governments play important roles in strengthening the belonging of migrants and refugees to the city, especially in areas that are the cornerstones of social cohesion, such as education, employment, and learning the language of the host country.  More than half of 6,7 million people fleeing the conflict and war in Syria came to Türkiye.  The metropolitan and district municipalities of Istanbul have become the most refugee hosting province within a short time in Türkiye.  This research carried out by the  Marmara Municipalities Union (MMU),  puts forward the results of the fieldwork in 13 provinces in 2017 and provides policy recommendations for local governments and municipalities.